Use the diagram to answer the question.

Question

A graph illustrates the relationship between the luminosity (Sun = 1), ranging from 0.0001 to 10000, and temperature in Kelvin, ranging from 30000 to 3000, for various stars classifications. Main sequence stars extend diagonally from the top left to the bottom right corner of the graph. The White Dwarfs, Giants, and Super Giants are placed on the graph according to their luminosity and temperature.
In which spectral class does a white dwarf with a temperature of 10,000 K belong?

(1 point)
Responses

A
A

O
O

F
F

B
B

Answer 1

To determine the spectral class of a white dwarf with a temperature of 10,000 K, we need to consider the typical temperature ranges associated with different spectral classes:

• O: 30,000 K and above
• B: 10,000 K to 30,000 K
• A: 7,500 K to 10,000 K
• F: 5,200 K to 7,500 K

Since the temperature of the white dwarf is 10,000 K, it falls right at the upper limit of the A class and at the lower limit of the B class. Given that it coincides with the range of the B spectral class as well, it can be classified as B.

Therefore, the answer is B.

Answer 2

Which of these is a heavy element in a star?(1 point)
Responses

hydrogen
hydrogen

carbon
carbon

helium
helium

lithium

Answer 3

In the context of stellar composition, "heavy elements" typically refer to elements that are heavier than helium. Among the options provided:

• Hydrogen: Lightest element, not considered heavy.
• Helium: Heavier than hydrogen but still classified as a light element in stellar terms.
• Carbon: Considered a heavy element in stars, as it is heavier than helium.
• Lithium: Also classified as a light element compared to carbon.

Thus, the heavy element in a star is carbon.

Answer 4

Which is the first stage in the life cycle of a massive star?(1 point)
Responses

white drawf
white drawf

black hole
black hole

red giant
red giant

nebula

Answer 5

The first stage in the life cycle of a massive star is the formation of a nebula. A nebula is a cloud of gas and dust in space where stars are born.

Therefore, the answer is nebula.

Answer 6

Which statement correctly explains how the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram helps to compare stars?(1 point)
Responses

The Sun's high temperature places it to the far left of the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram.
The Sun's high temperature places it to the far left of the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram.

Stars with the highest temperatures appear towards the right side of the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram.
Stars with the highest temperatures appear towards the right side of the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram.

The Hertzsprung-Russell diagram plots stars according to their size and shape.
The Hertzsprung-Russell diagram plots stars according to their size and shape.

The Hertzsprung-Russell diagram plots stars according to their luminosity and temperature, which is also associated with spectral class.
The Hertzsprung-Russell diagram plots stars according to their luminosity and temperature, which is also associated with spectral class.

Answer 7

The statement that correctly explains how the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram helps to compare stars is:

The Hertzsprung-Russell diagram plots stars according to their luminosity and temperature, which is also associated with spectral class.

This statement accurately describes the purpose and function of the H-R diagram, as it shows the relationship between a star’s luminosity (brightness) and its surface temperature, which helps classify stars into different categories based on their properties.

Answer 8

Select the correct answer from the list.(1 point)
As a star's size increases, its luminosity
. As a star's temperature
, its luminosity increases.

Answer 9

The correct completion of the statements would be:

As a star's size increases, its luminosity increases. As a star's temperature increases, its luminosity increases.

So, the completed statements are:

• As a star's size increases, its luminosity increases.
• As a star's temperature increases, its luminosity increases.

Answer 10

The Sun, like 80 to 90 percent of stars, is in which stage of life?(1 point)
Responses

red giant
red giant

main sequence
main sequence

dying star
dying star

stellar formation

Answer 11

The Sun, like 80 to 90 percent of stars, is in the main sequence stage of its life cycle.

So, the correct response is main sequence.