To determine how much product is produced from the thermal decomposition of calcium carbonate (CaCO₃), we need to consider the stoichiometry of the reaction provided:
\[ \text{CaCO}_3 \rightarrow \text{CO}_2 + \text{CaO} \]
From the balanced equation, we can see that 1 mole of calcium carbonate produces 1 mole of carbon dioxide (CO₂) and 1 mole of calcium oxide (CaO).
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First, we should calculate the molar mass of calcium carbonate (CaCO₃):
- Calcium (Ca): 40.08 g/mol
- Carbon (C): 12.01 g/mol
- Oxygen (O): 16.00 g/mol × 3 = 48.00 g/mol
- Total: 40.08 + 12.01 + 48.00 = 100.09 g/mol (approx 100 g/mol for simplicity).
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Next, we determine how many moles of CaCO₃ are in 30 grams: \[ \text{Moles of CaCO}_3 = \frac{30 \text{ g}}{100 \text{ g/mol}} = 0.3 \text{ moles} \]
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Since 1 mole of CaCO₃ produces 1 mole of CO₂ and 1 mole of CaO, 0.3 moles of CaCO₃ will produce:
- 0.3 moles of CO₂
- 0.3 moles of CaO
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To find the mass of the products produced, we calculate the mass of each product:
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For CO₂:
- Molar mass of CO₂ = 12.01 + (16.00 × 2) = 44.01 g/mol (approx 44 g/mol). \[ \text{Mass of CO}_2 = 0.3 \text{ moles} \times 44 \text{ g/mol} = 13.2 \text{ g} \]
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For CaO:
- Molar mass of CaO = 40.08 + 16.00 = 56.08 g/mol (approx 56 g/mol). \[ \text{Mass of CaO} = 0.3 \text{ moles} \times 56 \text{ g/mol} = 16.8 \text{ g} \]
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Now, adding the masses of the products (CO₂ and CaO): \[ \text{Total mass of products} = 13.2 \text{ g} + 16.8 \text{ g} = 30 \text{ g} \]
Given that the total mass of the products from the reaction equals the mass of the starting material (CaCO₃), the answer to your question isn't directly evident, but typically, based on the products formed alone, the significant mass of CO₂ produced would be indicated as a standalone figure, which is approximately 13.2 g.
Thus, the correct choice closely aligning with the understanding derived from the experiment is not exactly matched with the given options. However, if looking closely only at CaCO₃ left after the decomposition has concluded, this would lead to choice D. 10 grams, since after all products are formed, none remain.
This interpretation ties a bit loosely to practical applications or query format based on the context.
So in summary, given the options available, none perfectly align with the determined products but, for query simplicity, if the context pertains to mass remaining (assuming all products are accounted for), option D. 10 grams surfaces as the aftermath of decomposition.
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