Use the diagrams to answer the question.
A diagram represents Spartan rule headed by two kings, with three government groups below them. The top box in the diagram is titled Kings, followed by the number 2 and descriptive text that reads: role assumed due to hereditary power; commanded military and held voting power. Three boxes of equal importance flow down from the top box. The first box is titled Ephors, followed by the number 5. The text reads: elected Spartan citizens; advised kings and debated important issues. The next box is titled Gerousia, followed by the number 28. The text reads: held special voting power and judicial power. The third box is titled Ekklesia, and the text reads: Spartan citizens; met once a month to discuss military, political, and cultural matters.
A pyramid diagram shows three elements of Carthaginian hierarchal government. The top third of the pyramid is titled Suffetes, followed by the number 2 and the words: elected officials. The middle section is titled Specially Elected Officials, followed by the number 5 and text reading: managed taxes, finances, and military matters. The base section is titled Senate, followed by text reading: Carthaginian citizens; debated on social and judicial issues.
Which statements accurately compare the government systems of Sparta and Carthage?
(1 point)
Responses
The Spartan and Carthaginian governments both had two leaders. The Spartan government had hereditary kings while the Carthaginian government had elected leaders.
The Spartan and Carthaginian governments both had two leaders. The Spartan government had hereditary kings while the Carthaginian government had elected leaders.
The Spartan and Carthaginian governments both used a council. The Spartan senate used 500 elected officials while the council of Carthage had 28 elected officials.
The Spartan and Carthaginian governments both used a council. The Spartan senate used 500 elected officials while the council of Carthage had 28 elected officials.
The Spartan and Carthaginian governments were both oligarchies. Carthage focused more on military matters and Sparta focused more on democracy.
The Spartan and Carthaginian governments were both oligarchies. Carthage focused more on military matters and Sparta focused more on democracy.
The Spartan and Carthaginian governments both had an assembly. The Spartan government elected citizens in the assembly while the Carthage government did not.
The social class hierarchy in Greek city-states is best represented by the following order:
Aristoi (Aristocrats) > Perioikoi > Artisans > Laborers > Women > Foreigners
Therefore, the accurate choice from your options is:
Aristoi, Artisans, Perioikoi, Women, Laborers, Foreigners.
However, none of the options presented are an exact match to this hierarchy, which highlights that the Aristoi were at the top, followed by the Perioikoi, and then Artisans and Laborers, with Women and Foreigners generally being lower in the hierarchy.
If I had to choose the option that closely aligns with historical context while also considering the ordering, I would go with the option:
Aristoi, Artisans, Perioikoi, Women, Laborers, Foreigners.
If you have an option that follows this order, that would be the most appropriate hierarchy reflecting social classes in Greek city-states.
Using a lens of historical empathy, which of the following tables depicts a historical perspective that differs from today and describes the process Alexander the Great used to build the Macedonian Empire?(1 point)
Responses
Asia Minor Egypt Persia
Description
Won the Battle of the Granicus and the Battle of Issus
Sacked city of Tyre, massacring and enslaving inhabitants
Liberated cities from Persian rule
Siege of Gaza
Promoted hellenization among local Egyptians, Macedonians, and Greeks
Adopted Egyptian religion, proclaimed son of Zeus-Ammon
Won the Battle of Gaugamela and the Battle of the Persian Gate
Proclaimed himself king of Asia after defeating Darius III
Captured Persepolis, Babylon, and Susa
Adopted Persian traditions
Historical Perspective
Inhumane and unjust massacre of the inhabitants of Tyre
Methods of warfare different from today’s
Sieges and sacking of cities were common ancient practices
Inhumane and unjust massacre of the inhabitants of Gaza
Embraced local culture, religion, and ideals
Allowed conquered peoples to retain their identity, less common during the time period
Conquest of cities common during the time period
Embraced local cultural and religious ideas
Cultural and religious tolerance/freedom uncommon during the time period
Asia Minor Egypt Persia Description Won the Battle of the Granicus and the Battle of Issus Sacked city of Tyre, massacring and enslaving inhabitants Liberated cities from Persian rule Siege of Gaza Promoted hellenization among local Egyptians, Macedonians, and Greeks Adopted Egyptian religion, proclaimed son of Zeus-Ammon Won the Battle of Gaugamela and the Battle of the Persian Gate Proclaimed himself king of Asia after defeating Darius III Captured Persepolis, Babylon, and Susa Adopted Persian traditions Historical Perspective Inhumane and unjust massacre of the inhabitants of Tyre Methods of warfare different from today’s Sieges and sacking of cities were common ancient practices Inhumane and unjust massacre of the inhabitants of Gaza Embraced local culture, religion, and ideals Allowed conquered peoples to retain their identity, less common during the time period Conquest of cities common during the time period Embraced local cultural and religious ideas Cultural and religious tolerance/freedom uncommon during the time period
Asia Minor Egypt Persia
Description
Won the Battle of the Granicus and the Battle of Issus
Sacked city of Tyre, massacring and enslaving inhabitants
Liberated cities from Persian rule
Siege of Gaza
Did not force ideals, values, or religion
Proclaimed himself king of Egypt after defeating Darius III
Adopted Egyptian religion, proclaimed son of Zeus-Ammon
Won the Battle of Gaugamela and the Battle of the Persian Gate
Captured Persepolis, Babylon, and Susa
Adopted Persian traditions
Historical Perspective
Inhumane and unjust massacre of the inhabitants of Tyre
Methods of warfare similar to modern practices
Sieges and sacking of cities are common practices widely utilized today
Inhumane and unjust massacre of the inhabitants of Gaza
Methods of warfare similar to modern practices
Sieges and sacking of cities are common practices widely utilized today
Conquest of cities uncommon during the time period
Embraced local cultural and religious ideas
Cultural and religious tolerance/freedom uncommon during the time period
Asia Minor Egypt Persia Description Won the Battle of the Granicus and the Battle of Issus Sacked city of Tyre, massacring and enslaving inhabitants Liberated cities from Persian rule Siege of Gaza Did not force ideals, values, or religion Proclaimed himself king of Egypt after defeating Darius III Adopted Egyptian religion, proclaimed son of Zeus-Ammon Won the Battle of Gaugamela and the Battle of the Persian Gate Captured Persepolis, Babylon, and Susa Adopted Persian traditions Historical Perspective Inhumane and unjust massacre of the inhabitants of Tyre Methods of warfare similar to modern practices Sieges and sacking of cities are common practices widely utilized today Inhumane and unjust massacre of the inhabitants of Gaza Methods of warfare similar to modern practices Sieges and sacking of cities are common practices widely utilized today Conquest of cities uncommon during the time period Embraced local cultural and religious ideas Cultural and religious tolerance/freedom uncommon during the time period
Asia Minor Egypt Persia
Description
Won the Battle of the Granicus and the Battle of Issus
Sacked city of Tyre, massacring and enslaving inhabitants
Liberated cities from Persian rule
Siege of Gaza
Forced ideals, values, and religion on Egyptian people
Proclaimed himself king of Egypt after defeating Darius III
Waged more battles
Adopted Egyptian religion, proclaimed son of Zeus-Ammon
Won the Battle of Gaugamela and the Battle of the Persian Gate
Proclaimed himself son of Zeus-Ammon after defeating Darius III
Captured Persepolis, Babylon, and Susa
Adopted Persian traditions
Historical Perspective
Inhumane and unjust massacre of the inhabitants of Tyre
Methods of warfare different than today’s
Sieges and sacking of cities were common ancient practices
Embraced local culture, religion, and ideas
Allowed people he conquered to retain their identity, less common during the time period
Conquest of cities common during the time period
Embraced local cultural and religious ideas
Cultural and religious tolerance were uncommon during the time period
Asia Minor Egypt Persia Description Won the Battle of the Granicus and the Battle of Issus Sacked city of Tyre, massacring and enslaving inhabitants Liberated cities from Persian rule Siege of Gaza Forced ideals, values, and religion on Egyptian people Proclaimed himself king of Egypt after defeating Darius III Waged more battles Adopted Egyptian religion, proclaimed son of Zeus-Ammon Won the Battle of Gaugamela and the Battle of the Persian Gate Proclaimed himself son of Zeus-Ammon after defeating Darius III Captured Persepolis, Babylon, and Susa Adopted Persian traditions Historical Perspective Inhumane and unjust massacre of the inhabitants of Tyre Methods of warfare different than today’s Sieges and sacking of cities were common ancient practices Embraced local culture, religion, and ideas Allowed people he conquered to retain their identity, less common during the time period Conquest of cities common during the time period Embraced local cultural and religious ideas Cultural and religious tolerance were uncommon during the time period
Asia Minor Egypt Persia
Description
Won the Battle of Issus
Sacked city of Tyre, massacring and enslaving inhabitants
Liberated cities from Persian rule
Siege of Gaza
Promoted hellenization among local Egyptians, Macedonians, and Greeks
Adopted Egyptian religion, proclaimed son of Zeus-Ammon
Won the Battle of Gaugamela and the Battle of the Granicus
Proclaimed himself king of Europe after defeating Darius III
Captured Persepolis, Babylon, and Susa
Adopted Persian traditions
Historical Perspective
Inhumane and unjust massacre of the inhabitants of Tyre
Methods of warfare different than today’s
Sieges and sacking of cities were common ancient practices
Embraced local culture, religion, and ideas
Allowed conquered peoples to retain their identity, less common during the time period
Conquest of cities common during the time period
Disregarded local cultural and religious ideas
Cultural and religious intolerance was uncommon during the time period
Asia Minor Egypt Persia Description Won the Battle of Issus Sacked city of Tyre, massacring and enslaving inhabitants Liberated cities from Persian rule Siege of Gaza Promoted hellenization among local Egyptians, Macedonians, and Greeks Adopted Egyptian religion, proclaimed son of Zeus-Ammon Won the Battle of Gaugamela and the Battle of the Granicus Proclaimed himself king of Europe after defeating Darius III Captured Persepolis, Babylon, and Susa Adopted Persian traditions Historical Perspective Inhumane and unjust massacre of the inhabitants of Tyre Methods of warfare different than today’s Sieges and sacking of cities were common ancient practices Embraced local culture, religion, and ideas Allowed conquered peoples to retain their identity, less common during the time period Conquest of cities common during the time period Disregarded local cultural and religious ideas Cultural and religious intolerance was uncommon during the time period
To identify which table depicts a historical perspective that differs from today, we should look for elements that show a contrasting view on warfare, governance, and cultural interactions in ancient times versus modern values.
The first option reveals the following historical perspectives:
- Inhumane and unjust massacre of the inhabitants of Tyre
- Methods of warfare different from today’s
- Sieges and sacking of cities were common ancient practices
- Inhumane and unjust massacre of the inhabitants of Gaza
- Embraced local culture, religion, and ideals
- Allowed conquered peoples to retain their identity, less common during the time period
- Conquest of cities common during the time period
- Embraced local cultural and religious ideas
- Cultural and religious tolerance/freedom uncommon during the time period
This perspective reflects a recognition of the brutality of warfare in ancient times, contrasting it with modern views that generally condemn such actions. It also highlights the acceptance of conquest and cultural imposition as normative in the past, which would be less acceptable today.
Upon reviewing, the second option also presents elements that align with modern perspectives, noting similar critiques of inhumanity and cultural practices.
However, the last option gives a more contemporary viewpoint, as it states things like "Methods of warfare similar to modern practices" and "Sieges and sacking of cities are common practices widely utilized today," which is not factually correct in the context of modern warfare ethics. It represents a revisionist perspective that does not align with current values.
Thus, the table that depicts a historical perspective that clearly differs from today, acknowledging ancient practices of warfare and the societal context, would be the first table. This table recognizes the brutality of Alexander's conquests while also framing them within the norms of ancient society, which is markedly different from today's perspective on warfare and human rights.
45 answers