Use the article to answer the question. What evidence supports the inference that Manu Prakash is a creative thinker?
One of the most basic and necessary pieces of equipment in a medical lab is a centrifuge. Often bulky and expensive, this device (in the most simple terms) spins things. And spinning things like blood can separate out its components, allowing doctors to diagnose diseases like malaria. But the lack of electricity and resources in rural regions around the world means no centrifuge. Now, a simple new 20-cent gadget could change all that, and it's based on an unusual source of inspiration: the whirligig. "There are more than a billion people around the world who have no infrastructure, no roads, no electricity," says Manu Prakash, a physical biologist at Stanford and inventor of the new gadget. When he visited Uganda in 2013 he found that clinics either did not have centrifuges or didn't have the juice to power them. “One clinic used its broken centrifuge as a doorstop,” Prakash tells Devin Powell at Nature. "I realized that if we wanted to solve a critical problem like malaria diagnosis, we needed to design a human-powered centrifuge that costs less than a cup of coffee,” Prakash says in a press release. When he returned to Stanford, Parkash began brainstorming ideas with one of his post-docs, Saad Bhamla, examining at all sorts of spinning things, reports Madeline K. Sofia at NPR. They quickly began focusing on old-school, preindustrial toys like yo-yos and whirligigs. “One night I was playing with a button and string, and out of curiosity, I set up a high-speed camera to see how fast a button whirligig would spin. I couldn’t believe my eyes,” Bhamla says in the press release. The button was rotating at 10,000 to 15,000 rpms. The pair began prototyping small hand-powered centrifuges based on the whirligig principle. Their final model, the Paperfuge, spins at 125,000 rpm, the equivalent of a centrifuge costing $1,000 to $5,000, according to the press release. The Paperfuge is made of a disk of paper coated in a polymer, reports Sofia. The disk is attached to two pieces of wood or PVC pipe via string. When the strings are pulled, the disk in the middle spins, acting as a centrifuge for a blood sample attached to the center of the disk. The team describes their work in the journal Nature Biomedical Engineering. Prakash and Bhamla recently returned from successful field trials of the Paperfuge in Madagascar where they used it to test for malaria. While the gadget only takes two minutes to separate blood, reports The Economist, it takes 15 minutes of whirligigging for malaria-diagnosing separations. Once the blood is separated, however, it needs to be examined by a microscope. Luckily, several years ago Prakash also created the Foldscope, a $1 paper microscope with optical quality similar to conventional microscopes that will begin distribution in 2018.
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The evidence that supports the inference that Manu Prakash is a creative thinker includes several key points:
Unconventional Inspiration: Prakash drew inspiration from an old-school, preindustrial toy—a whirligig—when developing a new type of centrifuge. This indicates his ability to think outside conventional parameters and consider everyday objects in novel ways.
Problem-Solving Approach: Prakash identified a critical issue in rural clinics lacking access to traditional centrifuges due to electricity shortages and high costs. His proactive approach to design a simple, human-powered centrifuge that costs less than a cup of coffee reflects his innovative problem-solving mindset.
Creative Experimentation: In collaboration with his post-doc Saad Bhamla, he engaged in experimental play with spinning objects, leading to the discovery that a button whirligig could reach high speeds. This exploration of ideas demonstrates a hands-on, experimental approach to creativity.
Development of the Paperfuge: The final invention, the Paperfuge, showcases a blend of creativity and technical skill, resulting in a device that spins at an impressive speed and serves a vital medical purpose. The creative process involved prototyping and continually refining the design based on their findings.
Continued Innovation: Prakash's invention of the Foldscope, a $1 paper microscope with optical quality comparable to standard microscopes, further exemplifies his ongoing commitment to innovation in medical tools, particularly in resource-limited settings.
These points collectively illustrate Manu Prakash's inventive mindset and ability to tackle significant challenges through creative and innovative thinking.
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