To solve the equation \( x^2 = \frac{36}{169} \) by inspection, we can take the square root of both sides.
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Take the square root: \[ x = \pm \sqrt{\frac{36}{169}} \]
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Simplify the square root: \[ x = \pm \frac{\sqrt{36}}{\sqrt{169}} = \pm \frac{6}{13} \]
Thus, the solutions are \( x = \frac{6}{13} \) and \( x = -\frac{6}{13} \).
Therefore, the correct solution set is: C. \({-\frac{6}{13}, \frac{6}{13}}\)