The word "recalcitrant" is defined as someone who is stubbornly resistant to authority or control.
Origin: The term comes from the Latin word "recalcitrantem," which is the present participle of "recalcitrare," meaning "to kick back."
Most Common Meaning: The most common meaning of "recalcitrant" is being disobedient or uncooperative, especially toward authority figures.
Synonyms: Two synonyms for recalcitrant are "stubborn" and "obstinate."
Antonyms: Two antonyms for recalcitrant are "cooperative" and "compliant."
Sentence for a 9th grader: The recalcitrant student refused to follow the teacher's instructions during the class.