Unlike a eukaryotic cell, a prokaryotic cell lacks -

Question

Responses

DNA and cytoplasm.
DNA and cytoplasm.

a cell wall and cell membrane.
a cell wall and cell membrane.

a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.

ribosomes and energy propelled flagella.

Answer 1

Unlike a eukaryotic cell, a prokaryotic cell lacks a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.

Prokaryotic cells do have DNA and cytoplasm, and they also typically have a cell wall and a cell membrane. Additionally, prokaryotic cells have ribosomes, though they are smaller than those found in eukaryotic cells.

Answer 2

Mitosis, a stage of the cell cycle, involves -
Responses

one step: cytokinesis.
one step: cytokinesis.

two steps: prometaphase and metaphase.
two steps: prometaphase and metaphase.

four steps: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
four steps: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.

four steps: interphase, prophase, telophase, and anaphase.

Answer 3

Mitosis, a stage of the cell cycle, involves four steps: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.

These are the main stages of mitosis, which is the process of cell division that results in two identical daughter cells. Cytokinesis is the final step that follows mitosis, but it is not considered a part of mitosis itself.

Answer 4

The diagram below shows a section of DNA undergoing the transcription process. Use the diagram and your knowledge of science to answer the question that follows.

Transcription produces -

Responses

only strands of messenger RNA in order to synthesize proteins.
only strands of messenger RNA in order to synthesize proteins.

strands of messenger RNA and transfer RNA in order to synthesize proteins.
strands of messenger RNA and transfer RNA in order to synthesize proteins.

only strands of proteins in order to synthesize other proteins.
only strands of proteins in order to synthesize other proteins.

strands of transfer RNA and sugars in order to synthesize proteins.

Answer 5

Transcription produces only strands of messenger RNA in order to synthesize proteins.

During transcription, a specific segment of DNA is copied into messenger RNA (mRNA), which serves as a template for protein synthesis during translation. Transfer RNA (tRNA) is involved in the translation process but is not produced during transcription.

Answer 6

In pea plants, purple flower color is caused by a dominant gene, and white flower color is caused by a recessive gene. The genotype for purple flower color is PP or Pp, and the genotype for white flower color is pp. A plant with purple flowers and the genotype Pp is crossed with a plant with white flowers and the genotype pp. What is the probability that the offspring of these plants will have white flowers?
Responses

50%
50%

100%
100%

75%
75%

25%

Answer 7

To determine the probability that the offspring of a purple flower plant with genotype Pp will have white flowers (genotype pp) when crossed with a white flower plant with genotype pp, we can use a Punnett square.

1. The purple flower plant (Pp) can contribute either a P (dominant) or a p (recessive) allele.
2. The white flower plant (pp) can only contribute a p allele.

The possible combinations in the offspring are:

• From Pp (contributes P): Pp (purple flower)
• From Pp (contributes p): pp (white flower)

This results in the following genotypic outcomes:

• 50% Pp (purple)
• 50% pp (white)

Thus, the probability that the offspring will have white flowers (pp) is 50%.

Answer 8

Both lipids and carbohydrates can be used by the cell as
Responses

replacements for salts.
replacements for salts.

sources of energy.
sources of energy.

building blocks for RNA.
building blocks for RNA.

catalysts for metabolic reactions.

Answer 9

Both lipids and carbohydrates can be used by the cell as sources of energy.

Carbohydrates are typically the primary source of energy for cells, while lipids are also an important energy source, especially during prolonged periods of energy demand or in certain metabolic pathways.

Answer 10

The diagram below shows several chromosomal alterations.

Which chromosome represents a deletion?

Responses

1
1

2
2

3
3

4

Answer 11

Without the visual diagram provided, I can still explain how to identify a deletion in chromosomes.

A deletion in a chromosome refers to a loss of a segment of the chromosome, which may appear as a missing section or segment when comparing the structure of chromosomes.

If you can describe the characteristics of the chromosomes labeled 1, 2, 3, and 4, I can help you determine which one represents a deletion! Alternatively, based on common representations, the chromosome with a noticeably shorter segment or visibly missing section compared to normal chromosomes is typically the one that indicates a deletion.