Unit 2 Study Guide: Cell Parts & Functions, Cell Processes, & Human Body Systems

Question

The glucose is then transported from the leaves to the rest of the plant. Which system
transports nutrients in a similar way throughout the human body?
45. The diagram above shows how electricity is transmitted from a power plant to a house.
Explain how this is similar to the nervous system in the body.
46. Look at the diagram to the right. If part of the organ
shaded was removed, which system of the body and
functions would be immediately affected?
47. Several body systems must work together so that your body can use food for energy and
building material. Choose three body systems from the list below and describe how those
three body systems work together when you bite into a cracker to change the cracker into a
form that can be used by your body’s cells.
Digestive Endocrine Muscular Respiratory
Circulatory Excretory Nervous

Answer 1

Unit 2 Study Guide: Cell Parts & Functions, Cell Processes, & Human Body Systems

44. Nutrient Transport System in Humans:
In plants, glucose produced in the leaves is transported to other parts via the phloem, a part of the plant's vascular system. Similarly, in the human body, the circulatory system (specifically blood vessels) transports nutrients, including glucose, throughout the body. The heart pumps blood containing these nutrients to various organs and tissues.

45. Nervous System and Electricity Transmission:
The diagram illustrating electricity transmission resembles the nervous system in the body in that both systems facilitate communication and signal transmission. Just as electricity travels through power lines to reach homes, the nervous system transmits electrical signals (nerve impulses) through neurons to convey messages from the brain to different parts of the body, allowing for responses and coordination of bodily functions.

46. Removal of Shaded Organ:
Without seeing the specific diagram you are referencing, if we assume the shaded organ is a vital one (e.g., the stomach, heart, lungs, etc.), the immediate system affected would likely be the Digestive System (if it is the stomach), Circulatory System (if it is the heart), or Respiratory System (if it is the lungs). Each of these organs has specific functions that are critical to their respective systems.

47. Interaction of Body Systems When Eating a Cracker: When you bite into a cracker, several body systems work together to process this food:

1. Digestive System:

   • Function: The digestive system begins the breakdown of food. When you chew the cracker, saliva is produced by the salivary glands which contains enzymes that help start the digestion of carbohydrates. The cracker is then swallowed and moves through the esophagus to the stomach, where it is further broken down by stomach acids and enzymes.

2. Circulatory System:

   • Function: Once the cracker is digested in the intestines, the nutrients (including glucose) are absorbed into the bloodstream. The circulatory system then transports these nutrients through the blood to various cells in the body, providing the necessary materials for energy and metabolism.

3. Endocrine System:

   • Function: The endocrine system regulates various processes in the body, including metabolism. When glucose enters the bloodstream, the pancreas releases insulin, a hormone that allows cells to take in glucose for energy or store it for future use, thus playing a critical role in managing blood sugar levels.

These three systems—the digestive, circulatory, and endocrine—work together harmoniously to transform the cracker into accessible energy for bodily functions.