A. The depiction of Uncle Sam as the headmaster of an orphanage suggests that his role in relation to newly acquired territories is one of guardianship and responsibility. By portraying Uncle Sam as a caretaker, the cartoon implies that the United States is now responsible for nurturing and guiding these new territories—represented as "babies." This imagery conveys a sense of duty, as if the U.S. must tend to the needs of these regions, ensuring their growth and development. The presence of older children labeled Texas, New Mexico, California, and Alaska indicates that these states were previously incorporated into the nation and are now flourishing, suggesting that Uncle Sam has successfully cared for them in the past.
B. Manifest destiny is represented in the cartoon through the arms that hold the basket of new territories, which are labeled "manifest destiny." This symbolism indicates that the acquisition of these new territories—Puerto Rico, Hawaii, Cuba, and the Philippines—was seen as a natural extension of the United States’ destiny to expand across the continent and beyond. The significance of these arms is twofold: firstly, they emphasize the idea that the United States was destined to expand its influence and territory; secondly, they suggest that this expansion is not just a political or military action but also a moral obligation to care for and uplift these new territories, much like a headmaster would care for orphans. This reflects the contemporary belief in the righteousness of America's expansionist policies during the late 19th century.