Two types of cells are shown. Organelles found in both cells are labeled.

Question

Two Types of Cells
Prokaryotic Cell
-Cell Membrane-
Cytoplasm
-DNA-
Nucleus
Ribosomes
Eukaryotic Cell
Which three claims about cell function are supported by the evidence in the diagram?
M. Both types of cells are unable to produce energy.
P. Both types of cells produce proteins.
R.
Both types of cells can store excess water.
S. Both types of cells can maintain a rigid shape.
T. Both types of cells can control what enters and exits the cell.

Answer 1

Based on the information given in the diagram comparing prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, the following claims about cell function are supported:

1. P. Both types of cells produce proteins. - Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells contain ribosomes, which are essential for protein synthesis.

2. T. Both types of cells can control what enters and exits the cell. - Both cell types have a cell membrane that regulates the passage of substances in and out of the cell.

3. R. Both types of cells can store excess water. - While this is more characteristic of certain eukaryotic cells (like plant cells with vacuoles), some prokaryotic cells can also contain structures that help with water storage.

Claims M and S are not supported:

• M. Both types of cells are unable to produce energy. - This is incorrect: both types of cells have mechanisms to produce energy (e.g., cellular respiration in eukaryotic cells and similar processes in prokaryotic cells).
• S. Both types of cells can maintain a rigid shape. - While many eukaryotic cells (especially plant cells) maintain a rigid shape due to their cell wall, prokaryotic cells do have a cell wall, but it does not imply that all types maintain a rigid shape in the same way.

Therefore, the best supported claims are P, T, and R.