Transportation with diagrams, the properties of water. Describe in 5pages

Answer 1

Transportation with diagrams: The properties of water.

Introduction

Water is a vital substance for all living organisms on Earth. It is essential for the survival of plants, animals, and humans and plays a crucial role in various natural processes, including transportation. In this report, we will discuss the properties of water that make it such a unique and important substance for transportation, as well as provide diagrams illustrating these properties.

Properties of water

1. Cohesion
One of the most well-known properties of water is its cohesion, which is the ability of water molecules to stick together due to hydrogen bonding. This property is essential for the transportation of water in plants through capillary action. When water molecules evaporate from the leaves of a plant, they create tension within the water column, causing water to be pulled up from the roots to replace the lost water.

Diagram 1: Cohesion in water molecules

2. Adhesion
Adhesion is another important property of water that helps in transportation. Adhesion is the ability of water molecules to cling to other substances, such as the walls of a plant's xylem vessels. This property allows water to move upward in plants against gravity, as the water molecules adhere to the walls of the xylem vessels and are pulled up through capillary action.

Diagram 2: Adhesion of water molecules to xylem walls

3. Surface tension
Surface tension is the cohesive force at the surface of a liquid that causes the molecules at the surface to be more tightly packed together than those in the bulk of the liquid. This property of water is crucial for transportation in organisms like insects that can walk on water due to the high surface tension of water.

Diagram 3: Surface tension of water molecules

4. High specific heat capacity
Water has a high specific heat capacity, which means that it can absorb and retain a large amount of heat without experiencing a significant increase in temperature. This property of water is vital for the regulation of temperature in living organisms, as water can absorb heat from the environment during hot days and release it slowly during cooler nights.

Diagram 4: High specific heat capacity of water

5. Solvent properties
Water is often referred to as the "universal solvent" because it has the ability to dissolve a wide range of substances, including nutrients and minerals that are essential for the growth and development of plants and animals. This property of water is crucial for transportation in organisms, as water can transport nutrients and other essential substances throughout the body.

Diagram 5: Solvent properties of water

Conclusion

Water is a remarkable substance with unique properties that make it essential for transportation in plants, animals, and humans. The cohesion, adhesion, surface tension, high specific heat capacity, and solvent properties of water all play crucial roles in various transportation processes in the natural world. Understanding the properties of water and how they contribute to transportation is essential for appreciating the importance of water in sustaining life on Earth.