Canada features a diverse range of landforms due to its vast size and varied geography. The top three major landforms in Canada are:
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Canadian Shield: This is one of the largest landforms in Canada, covering much of the eastern and central part of the country. It is characterized by its ancient crystalline rocks, extensive forests, and numerous lakes, including the Great Lakes. The Canadian Shield is significant for its mineral resources and is often referred to as the "Granite Shield."
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Appalachian Mountains: Located in the eastern part of Canada, the Appalachian Mountains extend into the Maritime provinces. This mountain range features rugged terrain, valleys, and plateaus, and is known for its rich biodiversity, including forests and a variety of wildlife.
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Western Cordillera: Stretching along the west coast of Canada, this mountain range includes the Rocky Mountains and is characterized by majestic peaks, deep fjords, and a range of ecosystems. The Western Cordillera also includes significant geographic features like coastal mountains and plateaus, contributing to the dramatic landscape of British Columbia and Alberta.
These landforms not only shape Canada's physical landscape but also influence its climate, ecosystems, and human activities.