To solve the equation \( 10x + 15 = 20 \) for \( x \), let's go through the steps:
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Subtract 15 from both sides: \[ 10x + 15 - 15 = 20 - 15 \] This simplifies to: \[ 10x = 5 \]
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Divide both sides by 10: \[ \frac{10x}{10} = \frac{5}{10} \] This simplifies to: \[ x = \frac{1}{2} \]
Thus, Tom's solution of \( x = \frac{1}{2} \) is indeed correct. The reason that justifies his solution is that he correctly applied the properties of equality—specifically, the subtraction and division properties.