To make meaningful causal inferences when conducting quantitative analyses, one must employ...?

A. Dummy coding when using regression models
B. Parametric methods of analysis robust in relationship to violation of basic assumptions
C. T-Tests and Analysis of Variance methods
D. Random assignment of participants to treatment and control conditions

1 answer

The students at Littlewood Regional High School cut an average of 3.3 classes per week. A random sample of 117 seniors averages 3.8 cuts per week, with a standard deviation of 0.53. Are seniors significantly different from the student body as a whole?