To find out how much force Joaquin saves by using the lever, we can first determine the force he needs to apply when using the lever.
The mechanical advantage (MA) of the lever is given as 3, which means that the lever allows him to lift the crate using only one-third of the force he would need to lift it directly.
The force required with the lever can be calculated as:
\[ \text{Force with lever} = \frac{\text{Force direct}}{\text{Mechanical Advantage}} = \frac{312 , \text{N}}{3} = 104 , \text{N} \]
Now, to find the force saved, we subtract the force needed with the lever from the direct force:
\[ \text{Force saved} = \text{Force direct} - \text{Force with lever} = 312 , \text{N} - 104 , \text{N} = 208 , \text{N} \]
So, by using the lever, Joaquin saves 208 N.
Response: 208 N.