Thurgood Marshall: A Career in Law
Lance Carson
After graduating from Howard University Law School in 1933, Thurgood Marshall worked at his own law practice for three years. Then he went to work for the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), a civil rights group. Marshall worked on many important cases while at the NAACP, but by 1961 he was ready for a change and needed to earn more money to support his family. Marshall thought he might get a job at a private law firm, but President John F. Kennedy had a different idea: President Kennedy asked Marshall to become a federal judge for the United States Court of Appeals in New York.
Just the fact that the president appointed Marshall didn't mean he would get the job. According to the Constitution, federal judges must be approved by the Senate. At that time, racism was strong in many parts of the country. Some people did not want Marshall, a black lawyer who had been a leader in the civil rights movement, to become a judge. Some senators held up his appointment for almost a year. Finally, in 1962, the Senate gave its approval and Marshall became a federal judge.
Marshall was very good at his job, but, as Marshall said, "Once you get to become a judge, you want to get on the Supreme Court."
In 1965, Marshall got a request from another president. President Lyndon Johnson wanted him to become the solicitor general. The solicitor general is the lawyer who represents the United States government in all Supreme Court cases -- a very important job.
Marshall hoped the job might lead to an appointment to the Supreme Court. He was right. President Johnson appointed Marshall to the United States Supreme Court in 1967. He was the first African-American Supreme Court justice. President Johnson said it was "the right thing to do, the right time to do it, the right man and the right place." Although there was some dissent, the country had changed and Marshall was approved by the Senate. He served for 24 years.
Question
How does the author support the claim that "racism was strong in many parts of the county"?
Responses
A Statistics are provided to support the claim.Statistics are provided to support the claim.
B Individuals who held racist beliefs are identified.Individuals who held racist beliefs are identified.
C Two general examples that require inference are given.Two general examples that require inference are given.
D Regional examples are given to identify racist parts of the country.Regional examples are given to identify racist parts of the country.
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