Threats to internal validity include ?

Question

A.
regression threat and mortality threat.

B.
testing threat and history threat.

C.
bias threat and prejudice threat.

D.
mortality threat and maturation threat.

Answer 1

Threats to internal validity can include various factors that may affect the results of a study. Among the options given:

• A. regression threat and mortality threat.
• B. testing threat and history threat.
• D. mortality threat and maturation threat.

All of these options mention legitimate threats to internal validity. However, C. bias threat and prejudice threat is not standard terminology in this context.

Internal validity threats typically include factors like:

• Regression to the mean (regression threat) - The tendency for extreme scores to move closer to the average on subsequent measurements.
• Mortality threat (attrition) - Loss of participants over time can impact the results.
• Testing threat - Changes in participants’ scores due to repeated testing rather than the treatment itself.
• History threat - External events that can affect the results during the study period.
• Maturation threat - Changes in participants over time that are unrelated to the treatment.

Given this information, the best correct answer, including various threats mentioned, would be:

A. regression threat and mortality threat.

However, depending on the context, B can also be considered valid. But since A and B include specific threats that impact validity, selecting either based on the context should be correct.