To analyze the statements about the log and the ball, we can use Newton's second law of motion, which states that the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass (F = ma).
Given:
- Mass of the log (m_log) = 40 kg
- Mass of the ball (m_ball) = 5 kg
Now, let's evaluate each statement:
A. The log will require less force to move than the ball.
- This statement is false. The log has a much larger mass than the ball, so it will generally require more force to initiate its movement, assuming they are both subjected to similar frictional forces.
B. It will be harder to move the ball a long distance.
- This statement is false. Since the ball is lighter, it is typically easier to move over a long distance as long as the frictional force is not disproportionately high for the surfaces in contact.
C. If an equal force is applied to both objects, the ball will move farther.
- This statement is true. According to Newton's second law, if the same force is applied to both, the ball (which has a smaller mass) will experience a greater acceleration than the log. This means that for the same applied force, the ball will move farther than the log in the same amount of time.
D. If an equal force is applied to both objects, the log will move faster.
- This statement is false. If an equal force is applied, the ball will actually accelerate faster due to its lower mass. Therefore, the ball will either reach a higher speed faster or move farther, but not the log.
In summary:
- A: False
- B: False
- C: True
- D: False
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