To determine how much sugar Ms. Johnson used from the canister, we need to find half of the amount of sugar that was originally in the canister.
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Identify the total amount of sugar: Ms. Johnson has \( \frac{7}{8} \) cups of sugar in the canister.
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Find half of the sugar: To find half of \( \frac{7}{8} \), we can multiply \( \frac{7}{8} \) by \( \frac{1}{2} \).
\[ \text{Sugar used} = \frac{7}{8} \times \frac{1}{2} \]
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Multiply the fractions: When multiplying fractions, multiply the numerators together and the denominators together.
\[ \text{Numerator: } 7 \times 1 = 7 \] \[ \text{Denominator: } 8 \times 2 = 16 \]
So, we have:
\[ \text{Sugar used} = \frac{7}{16} \]
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Final result: Ms. Johnson used \( \frac{7}{16} \) cups of sugar to bake the birthday cake.
Thus, the answer is that Ms. Johnson used \( \frac{7}{16} \) cups of sugar.