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The XYZ fair outrage many Americans. What was President John Adams initial stands on how to handle the issue? Select all that apply.

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President John Adams took a cautious and diplomatic approach regarding the XYZ Affair. His initial stance included the following elements:

  1. Peaceful Diplomacy: Adams favored diplomatic solutions and sought to avoid war with France, advocating for negotiation rather than military action.

  2. Maintained National Honor: He wanted to address the affront to American dignity that the XYZ Affair represented while also trying to maintain peace and avoid escalation.

  3. Strengthening the Navy: While not advocating for war, he supported strengthening the navy to protect American shipping interests and assert American sovereignty.

  4. Avoidance of War: Adams was generally cautious about entering into a conflict, reflecting his preference for avoiding war unless absolutely necessary.

These elements reflect Adams’ approach to handling the tensions arising from the XYZ Affair while considering the broader implications for the young nation.