The most likely result of the shrinking US family size over the past century is that it is easier for families to enter the middle class.
As family sizes decrease, parents often have more resources, both financial and time-related, to invest in their fewer children. This can lead to increased educational and economic opportunities, contributing to a better chance of moving into or remaining in the middle class. Additionally, smaller family sizes often correlate with higher levels of education and workforce participation, particularly among women, which can further support economic stability and growth for families.