When rocks are formed, they contain tiny magnetic particles that act like little compasses. These particles get aligned in the direction of Earth's magnetic north pole at the time the rock is created. By studying rocks of different ages, scientists can see that sometimes the north and south magnetic poles have flipped, showing that Earth's magnetic field has changed over time.
"The tiny magnetic particles in rocks point toward Earth's magnetic north pole. When these rocks form, the particles align in different directions, showing that Earth’s magnetic poles have switched places over time." explain in a less complicated way
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