The Supreme Court decision in Gibbons v. Ogden established a broad interpretation of the Commerce Clause, which has been used to justify various forms of federal regulation and to increase national power over the states. Among the options provided, the following responses are relevant to how the Commerce Clause has been employed:
A. regulating a national minimum wage D. passing the Civil Rights Act of 1964
Both of these actions were justified using the Commerce Clause, allowing the federal government to implement regulations that affect interstate commerce and thus asserting federal authority over state laws and regulations.
Responses B, C, and E do not directly relate to the use of the Commerce Clause in the same manner.