The most likely reason the species of freshwater fish (Salvelinus spp.) do not interbreed, despite having the capability to do so, is behaviorally isolated.
Behavioral isolation occurs when differences in mating behaviors or rituals prevent species from interbreeding. Since each lake has distinct forms of these fish, it is likely that their mating behaviors, such as spawning rituals or preferences for certain mating partners, have diverged enough to prevent interbreeding, even though they are capable of doing so genetically.