The same type of engine is placed in two different airplanes. The first airplane is twice as heavy as the second airplane. Which statement is correct about the mass of the airplane and its acceleration, assuming a constant net force?(1 point)

Responses

Increasing the acceleration of the airplane causes the engine to provide more force.
Increasing the acceleration of the airplane causes the engine to provide more force.

Decreasing the mass of the airplane will result in the airplane accelerating more.
Decreasing the mass of the airplane will result in the airplane accelerating more.

Increasing the acceleration of the airplane causes the engine to provide less force.
Increasing the acceleration of the airplane causes the engine to provide less force.

Decreasing the mass of the airplane will result in the airplane accelerating less.
Decreasing the mass of the airplane will result in the airplane accelerating less.

1 answer

To answer this question, we can use Newton's second law of motion, which states that \( F = ma \), where \( F \) is the net force, \( m \) is the mass, and \( a \) is the acceleration.

  1. Scenario: We have two airplanes powered by the same type of engine. The first airplane is twice as heavy as the second airplane.

Let's denote:

  • The mass of the second airplane as \( m \).
  • The mass of the first airplane as \( 2m \).
  1. Assuming constant net force (same engine):

    • For the first airplane, using Newton's second law: \[ F = (2m)a_1 \quad \text{(where \( a_1 \) is the acceleration of the first airplane)} \]

    • For the second airplane: \[ F = ma_2 \quad \text{(where \( a_2 \) is the acceleration of the second airplane)} \]

  2. Since both airplanes have the same force produced by the engine (let's say \( F \)), we can equate both equations to find the acceleration: \[ (2m)a_1 = F \implies a_1 = \frac{F}{2m} \] \[ ma_2 = F \implies a_2 = \frac{F}{m} \]

  3. Now, examine the relationship between \( a_1 \) and \( a_2 \):

    • Since \( a_2 = \frac{F}{m} \) and \( a_1 = \frac{F}{2m} \), it's clear that: \[ a_1 = \frac{1}{2} a_2 \] This means the second airplane (the lighter one) accelerates faster than the first airplane (the heavier one).

Conclusion:

  • Decreasing the mass of the airplane will result in the airplane accelerating more.

Therefore, the correct statement is: Decreasing the mass of the airplane will result in the airplane accelerating more.