The best-supported inference from the passage is:
Harborough grew up in a city.
The text describes the narrator (Harborough) as "a city-bred youngster" who had "never been out of hail of the homeland before," indicating that he has a background in a city environment. This detail directly supports the inference regarding his upbringing.
The other options can be discussed as follows:
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The ship’s Captain has traveled widely. - While the text mentions the Captain has traveled, it does not elaborate on the extent of that travel or confirm it as "wide."
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Most people who travel by sea cannot swim. - The statement about sailors being often unable to swim appears more as an observation rather than a supported inference about most sea travelers.
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Harborough feels he is superior to others. - While Harborough expresses a sense of enterprise compared to the Captain, this does not necessarily equate to a feeling of superiority over others.
Thus, the most accurate inference supported by the details in the passage is that Harborough grew up in a city.