The Revolution of 1905 in Russia was sparked by a combination of social, economic, and political factors. Key reasons for its outbreak included:
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Social Inequality: There was widespread discontent among the peasantry and urban workers due to extreme social disparities and economic hardships. Many peasants faced poverty, land shortages, and harsh working conditions.
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Political Repression: The autocratic rule of Tsar Nicholas II limited political freedoms and denied basic rights to the populace. The lack of political representation and the repression of dissent led to growing calls for reform.
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Russo-Japanese War: The defeat of Russia in the Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905) exacerbated national humiliation and dissatisfaction with the government, as people blamed the Tsar and his administration for the loss.
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Economic Problems: Rapid industrialization had not improved living conditions for many workers. Strikes and labor unrest were becoming more common, as workers sought better wages, hours, and working conditions.
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Bloody Sunday: The immediate trigger for the revolution was the events of January 22, 1905, when a peaceful demonstration led by Father Gapon was met with violent repression by the military in St. Petersburg. This event, known as Bloody Sunday, galvanized public outrage and led to widespread protests and strikes.
These factors combined to create a volatile situation that ultimately led to mass unrest and the demand for reforms, culminating in the Revolution of 1905.
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