The relative pronoun that is used with an essential clause, and the relative pronoun which is used with a nonessential clause. In 3–5 sentences, explain when to use each pronoun and the difference between the two types of relative clauses. (2 points)


Short Answer Rubric (2 points)

1 answer

Relative pronouns help introduce clauses that provide additional information about a noun. "That" is used with essential (or restrictive) clauses, which are crucial for understanding the sentence's meaning; without this information, the sentence would not convey the same idea. For example, in the sentence "The book that I borrowed was fascinating," the clause "that I borrowed" specifies which book is being discussed. In contrast, "which" is used with nonessential (or non-restrictive) clauses, which add extra information that can be omitted without changing the sentence's fundamental meaning, as in "The book, which I borrowed last week, was fascinating." Here, the clause provides additional detail but is not necessary to identify the book.