The population of bobcats in northern Arizona since 2008 can be modeled using the function b(t) = –0.32t2 + 2.7t + 253.

What does t represent?

What is the domain for this function?

Which range values would not make sense for this function?

Would the graph be continuous or discrete, and why?

1 answer

1. **What does \( t \) represent?**

In the function \( b(t) = -0.32t^2 + 2.7t + 253 \), \( t \) represents the number of years since 2008. So \( t = 0 \) corresponds to the year 2008, \( t = 1 \) to the year 2009, and so on.

2. **What is the domain for this function?**

The domain of this function would be all non-negative integers starting from 0 because those represent the number of years since 2008. Hence, \( t \) can be \( 0, 1, 2, 3, \ldots \). Realistically, \( t \) cannot be negative because you cannot have a negative count of years since 2008.

3. **Which range values would not make sense for this function?**

Since the function represents the population of bobcats, only non-negative values of \( b(t) \) make sense. If \( b(t) \) were negative, it would not be realistic since you cannot have a negative population.

To determine the values of \( t \) where \( b(t) \) is non-negative, we solve for \( t \) when \( b(t) = 0 \):

\[
-0.32t^2 + 2.7t + 253 = 0
\]

Using the quadratic formula \( t = \frac{-b \pm \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}}{2a} \) where \( a = -0.32 \), \( b = 2.7 \), and \( c = 253 \):

\[
t = \frac{-2.7 \pm \sqrt{(2.7)^2 - 4(-0.32)(253)}}{2(-0.32)}
\]
\[
t = \frac{-2.7 \pm \sqrt{7.29 + 323.84}}{-0.64}
\]
\[
t = \frac{-2.7 \pm \sqrt{331.13}}{-0.64}
\]
\[
t = \frac{-2.7 \pm 18.2}{-0.64}
\]

Solving for both roots yields approximately:
\[
t \approx \frac{-2.7 + 18.2}{-0.64} \approx -24.22
\]
\[
t \approx \frac{-2.7 - 18.2}{-0.64} \approx 32.81
\]

The realistic value of \( t \) would be between 0 and 32.81 for non-negative population. Thus, realistic values for \( t \) are in the range \( [0, 32] \) (since \( t \) is integer).

4. **Would the graph be continuous or discrete, and why?**

The graph would be continuous because the mathematical function \( b(t) \) defined by a quadratic equation is continuous. However, in practical terms, the population count at any given year is a discrete number, typically represented by whole numbers. Therefore, while the mathematical model is continuous, the actual data points representing population for each year would be discrete.