Question

The mutation shown in the sequence can be categorized as which type? (1 point) Responses deletion mutation deletion mutation insertion mutation insertion mutation substitution mutation substitution mutation Question 21 A student is studying the model of DNA. Some of the non-coding regions have a high concentration of repressors bound to them. Which question should the student ask to further understand the role of these non-coding regions in gene regulation? (1 point) Responses How are these non-coding regions transcribed into mRNA? How are these non-coding regions transcribed into mRNA? Do the non-coding regions affect the structure of the DNA double helix? Do the non-coding regions affect the structure of the DNA double helix? What are the sequences of the non-coding regions and do they compare to known repressors? What are the sequences of the non-coding regions and do they compare to known repressors? Question 22 A tall heterozygous pea plant is cross-pollinated with another tall heterozygous pea plant. Use a Punnett square to determine the probability that the offspring is a tall, homozygous pea plant. (1 point) Responses 0% 0% 25% 25% 75% 75% Question 23 In a study on human height, researchers found that identical twins raised in different countries often have different heights as adults. What does this suggest about the traits such as height in humans?(1 point) Responses Both environmental factors and genetic factors influence height Both environmental factors and genetic factors influence height height is determined solely by environmental factors height is determined solely by environmental factors the differences in height are random and not influenced by genetic factors the differences in height are random and not influenced by genetic factors Question 24 SARS is a respiratory illness caused by SARS-CoV-1, a coronavirus. IUT belongs to the same family of viruses that cause common colds. Streptococcus pneumoniae is a bacterium that causes pneumonia. Pneumonia is an illness that causes fluid buildup in the lungs. Which statement correctly identified the characteristics of SARS-CoV-1 and Streptococcus pneumoniae?(1 point) Responses both can replicate independently both can replicate independently Streptococcus pneumoniae can replicate independently but SARS-CoV-1 requires a host cell Streptococcus pneumoniae can replicate independently but SARS-CoV-1 requires a host cell SARS-CoV-1 can replicate independently but Streptococcus pneumoniae requires a host cell SARS-CoV-1 can replicate independently but Streptococcus pneumoniae requires a host cell Question 25 Which is true about the lytic and lysogenic cycles of viruses?(1 point) Responses The lysogenic cycle involves newly replicated virus bursting from the cell The lysogenic cycle involves newly replicated virus bursting from the cell The viral genome is injected into the host cell during the lytic cycle The viral genome is injected into the host cell during the lytic cycle The viral genome incorporates into the host genome during the lysogenic cycle The viral genome incorporates into the host genome during the lysogenic cycle Question 26 Why is it difficult to create a vaccine against a common cold?(1 point) Responses The viral genome mutates very quickly The viral genome mutates very quickly Vaccines are unnecessary because antibiotics are more effective treatment Vaccines are unnecessary because antibiotics are more effective treatment It is impossible to create a vaccine against illnesses cause by proviruses It is impossible to create a vaccine against illnesses cause by proviruses Question 27 As stem cells differentiate, they become more specialized. Identify the answer choice that orders the cell types from least differentiated to most differentiated.(1 point) Responses neuron -> multipotent stem cells -> pluripotent stem cells -> totipotent stem cells neuron -> multipotent stem cells -> pluripotent stem cells -> totipotent stem cells totipotent stem cells-> pluripotent stem cells-> multipotent stem cells ->neuron totipotent stem cells-> pluripotent stem cells-> multipotent stem cells ->neuron pluripotent stem cells-> multipotent stem cells ->neuron ->totipotent stem cells pluripotent stem cells-> multipotent stem cells ->neuron ->totipotent stem cells Question 28 Which best describes the inputs and outputs of mitosis in a multicellular organism?(1 point) Responses INPUT: single cell ready to divide, OUTPUT: two daughter cells identical to parent cell INPUT: single cell ready to divide, OUTPUT: two daughter cells identical to parent cell INPUT: stem cell in growth phase, OUTPUT: specialized cells INPUT: stem cell in growth phase, OUTPUT: specialized cells INPUT: single cell in metaphase, OUTPUT: two daughter cells with unique DNA INPUT: single cell in metaphase, OUTPUT: two daughter cells with unique DNA Question 29 Why are there different types of cells?(1 point) Responses There are not different types of cells There are not different types of cells Cells become specialized before mitosis begins Cells become specialized before mitosis begins Gene expression is different in specialized cells Gene expression is different in specialized cells Question 30 Which biomolecule is the same in every cell of an organism?(1 point) Responses mRNA mRNA DNA DNA protein protein Question 31 How does mitotic cell division contribute to multicellular organism growth?(1 point) Responses it reduces the number of cells by dividing, allowing for more efficient resource use it reduces the number of cells by dividing, allowing for more efficient resource use It increases the number of cells, contributing to the size and mass of an organism It increases the number of cells, contributing to the size and mass of an organism it produces cells with different genetic codes so the organism can better adapt to change it produces cells with different genetic codes so the organism can better adapt to change Question 32 What kind of model should you choose to learn more about mitosis?(1 point) Responses a model that shows all of the cell organelles a model that shows all of the cell organelles a model that shows how proteins are made in the cell a model that shows how proteins are made in the cell a model that illustrates how a cell divides into two identical cells a model that illustrates how a cell divides into two identical cells Question 33 During which stage of meiosis does crossing over occur?(1 point) Responses anaphase I anaphase I telophase I telophase I prophase I prophase I Question 34 Identify the mutation below that would be passed on to living offspring if it happened in a parent.(1 point) Responses an insertion mutation in a gamete that deactivates a gene for hair color an insertion mutation in a gamete that deactivates a gene for hair color a silent mutation in the genes of the pancreas cells that code for insulin a silent mutation in the genes of the pancreas cells that code for insulin a substitution error that takes place in somatic cells that causes skin cancer a substitution error that takes place in somatic cells that causes skin cancer Question 35 Methylation is an example of(1 point) Responses epigenetics epigenetics DNA replication DNA replication gene mapping gene mapping Question 36 A population of cheetahs on the savannah have very little genetic variation compared to other species in the area. Scientists are concerned that the cheetah population will not survive extreme environmental changes. What is the name of the effect the scientist observed and why is it a concern?(1 point) Responses Frameshift mutation because it only produces ineffective proteins Frameshift mutation because it only produces ineffective proteins Bottleneck effect, because environmental stresses affecting one cheetah could affect all Bottleneck effect, because environmental stresses affecting one cheetah could affect all Disaster effect, because the cheetahs have mutated to produce ineffective proteins Disaster effect, because the cheetahs have mutated to produce ineffective proteins Question 37 Crossing-over and independent assortment can occur during meiosis. How does this support the claim that meiosis results in inheritable genetic variations?(1 point) Responses it allows for new combinations of genes it allows for new combinations of genes it results in identical daughter cells it results in identical daughter cells it maintains genetic stability it maintains genetic stability Question 38 Which example would likely result in new combinations of DNA in an individual's offspring?(1 point) Responses UV radiation causing a mutation in a skin cell resulting in melanoma UV radiation causing a mutation in a skin cell resulting in melanoma homologous chromosomes failing to separate during meiosis homologous chromosomes failing to separate during meiosis sister chromatids crossing over during mitosis in a heart cell sister chromatids crossing over during mitosis in a heart cell Question 39 Data is collected on the frequency of mountain bird songs at three different elevations. Data is collected form 100 birds at each elevation. Review the data. How does altitude relate to song frequency of birds? (1 point) Responses it does not affect bird song frequencies it does not affect bird song frequencies higher altitudes are correlated with lower song frequencies higher altitudes are correlated with lower song frequencies higher altitudes are correlated with higher song frequencies

Answer 1

Here are the answers to the questions based on the provided content:

Question 20: The mutation shown in the sequence can be categorized as which type?

• Answer: substitution mutation

Question 21: A student is studying the model of DNA. Some of the non-coding regions have a high concentration of repressors bound to them. Which question should the student ask to further understand the role of these non-coding regions in gene regulation?

• Answer: What are the sequences of the non-coding regions and do they compare to known repressors?

Question 22: A tall heterozygous pea plant is cross-pollinated with another tall heterozygous pea plant. Use a Punnett square to determine the probability that the offspring is a tall, homozygous pea plant.

• Answer: 25%

Question 23: In a study on human height, researchers found that identical twins raised in different countries often have different heights as adults. What does this suggest about the traits such as height in humans?

• Answer: Both environmental factors and genetic factors influence height.

Question 24: SARS is a respiratory illness caused by SARS-CoV-1, a coronavirus. IUT belongs to the same family of viruses that cause common colds. Streptococcus pneumoniae is a bacterium that causes pneumonia. Pneumonia is an illness that causes fluid buildup in the lungs. Which statement correctly identified the characteristics of SARS-CoV-1 and Streptococcus pneumoniae?

• Answer: Streptococcus pneumoniae can replicate independently but SARS-CoV-1 requires a host cell.

Question 25: Which is true about the lytic and lysogenic cycles of viruses?

• Answer: The viral genome incorporates into the host genome during the lysogenic cycle.

Question 26: Why is it difficult to create a vaccine against a common cold?

• Answer: The viral genome mutates very quickly.

Question 27: As stem cells differentiate, they become more specialized. Identify the answer choice that orders the cell types from least differentiated to most differentiated.

• Answer: totipotent stem cells -> pluripotent stem cells -> multipotent stem cells -> neuron.

Question 28: Which best describes the inputs and outputs of mitosis in a multicellular organism?

• Answer: INPUT: single cell ready to divide, OUTPUT: two daughter cells identical to parent cell.

Question 29: Why are there different types of cells?

• Answer: Gene expression is different in specialized cells.

Question 30: Which biomolecule is the same in every cell of an organism?

• Answer: DNA.

Question 31: How does mitotic cell division contribute to multicellular organism growth?

• Answer: It increases the number of cells, contributing to the size and mass of an organism.

Question 32: What kind of model should you choose to learn more about mitosis?

• Answer: a model that illustrates how a cell divides into two identical cells.

Question 33: During which stage of meiosis does crossing over occur?

• Answer: prophase I.

Question 34: Identify the mutation below that would be passed on to living offspring if it happened in a parent.

• Answer: an insertion mutation in a gamete that deactivates a gene for hair color.

Question 35: Methylation is an example of

• Answer: epigenetics.

Question 36: A population of cheetahs on the savannah have very little genetic variation compared to other species in the area. Scientists are concerned that the cheetah population will not survive extreme environmental changes. What is the name of the effect the scientist observed and why is it a concern?

• Answer: Bottleneck effect, because environmental stresses affecting one cheetah could affect all.

Question 37: Crossing-over and independent assortment can occur during meiosis. How does this support the claim that meiosis results in inheritable genetic variations?

• Answer: it allows for new combinations of genes.

Question 38: Which example would likely result in new combinations of DNA in an individual's offspring?

• Answer: homologous chromosomes failing to separate during meiosis.

Question 39: Data is collected on the frequency of mountain bird songs at three different elevations. Data is collected from 100 birds at each elevation. Review the data. How does altitude relate to song frequency of birds?

• Answer: higher altitudes are correlated with lower song frequencies.

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