The writer might have had the following accomplishments of Charlemagne in mind when referring to his role in creating "modern Europe":
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Unification of Western Europe: Charlemagne expanded his empire to cover much of Western Europe, uniting various tribes and regions under a single rule. This unification laid the groundwork for the development of modern European states and governance.
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Revival of Learning and Culture: Charlemagne was a patron of education and the arts, leading to the Carolingian Renaissance. He established schools and promoted learning, which helped preserve and transmit classical knowledge and culture, shaping the intellectual landscape of Europe.
These accomplishments were pivotal in influencing the political and cultural trajectory of Europe, contributing significantly to its development into what we recognize as "modern Europe."