The main difference between the Richter scale and the Mercalli intensity scale is the Richter measures the energy released from an earthquake while the Mercalli measures the effects of an earthquake.
The Richter scale quantifies the amount of seismic energy released by an earthquake, providing a single numerical value based on the amplitude of seismic waves. In contrast, the Mercalli scale assesses the intensity of shaking and the impact on people and structures, varying based on location and conditions.