the hypotenuse of a right triangle is 1 inch longer than one leg and 8 inches longer than the other. Find the length of each side of the triangle.

Let l1, l2 be the legs.

l1^2 + l2^2 = h^2
but h= l1+1
and h= l2 + 8

solve these for l1, l2, put them in the first equation and solve for h.
Then solve for the others.