The most likely explanation for the change in the estimated number of green sea turtle nests on a beach in Costa Rica between 1970 and 2003 would be:
Humans passed laws preventing the collection of green sea turtles.
This response suggests that legal protection for green sea turtles would lead to an increase in their population and, consequently, an increase in nests. The other options do not directly address the increase in nesting numbers as clearly as this one. While laws to protect their eggs or preventing the collection of eggs for study might also have a positive impact on nest numbers, the first option does not imply a conservation benefit.