The function \( f(x) = \sqrt{x} \) represents a root function. Specifically, it is a parent odd-degree root function because it is the square root (which is also considered as the 1/2 power, an even root in terms of degree). Since the graph of this function starts at the origin and increases gradually without any negative x-values, it fits the characteristics of an odd-degree root function.
Therefore, the correct response is:
a parent odd-degree root function.