In the given scenario, if the population of carnivorous mammals decreases, the populations of their prey are likely to increase due to reduced predation pressure.
Among the options provided:
A. Ducks - If carnivorous mammals prey on ducks, then their population may increase. B. Aquatic plants - These may or may not be directly affected by the change in carnivorous mammals; their increase would depend on other factors such as nutrient levels and light availability. C. Large fish - If large fish are preyed upon by the carnivorous mammals, their population may increase, but if they are not, we can't be sure of their increase. D. Insects - If carnivorous mammals consume insects, then the insect population may also increase.
Given that we usually assume carnivorous mammals might prey on smaller animals, insects and potentially ducks are good candidates for an increase. However, without specific information on the food web relationships, the response is somewhat generalized.
The most likely increase would be noted in D. insects, as these are often less protected against predators compared to ducks, particularly in aquatic ecosystems. However, please note that the specific relationships can vary based on the particular ecosystem in question.
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