The following passage is from a speech given by President Ronald Reagan at the Brandenburg Gate in Berlin, Germany. At the time, Germany was divided between West Germany, allied with the United States, and East Germany, allied with the Soviet Union, led by Russia. The city of Berlin was also split in two, physically divided by the Berlin Wall. Read the passage. Then, answer the question(s).

Question

(1) … Behind me stands a wall that encircles the free sectors of this city, part of a vast system of barriers that divides the entire continent of Europe. From the Baltic, south, those barrierscut across Germany in a gash of barbed wire, concrete, dog runs, and guard towers. Farther south, there may be no visible, no obvious wall. But there remain armed guards and checkpoints all the same—still a restriction on the right to travel, still an instrument to impose upon ordinary men and women the will of a totalitarian state. Yet it is here in Berlin where the wall emerges most clearly; here, cutting across your city, where the news photo and the television screen have imprinted this brutal division of a continent upon the mind of the world. Standing before the Brandenburg Gate, every man is a German, separated from his fellow men. Every man is a Berliner, forced to look upon a scar.…

(2) … And now the Soviets themselves may, in a limited way, be coming to understand the importance of freedom. We hear much from Moscow about a new policy of reform and openness. Some political prisoners have been released. Certain foreign news broadcasts are no longer being jammed. Some economic enterprises have been permitted to operate with greater freedom from state control. Are these the beginnings of profound changes in the Soviet state? Or are they token gestures, intended to raise false hopes in the West, or to strengthen the Soviet system without changing it? We welcome change and openness; for we believe that freedom and security go together, that the advance of human liberty can only strengthen the cause of world peace.…

(3) … There is one sign the Soviets can make that would be unmistakable, that would advance dramatically the cause of freedom and peace. General Secretary Gorbachev, if you seek peace, if you seek prosperity for the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, if you seek liberalization: Come here to this gate! Mr. Gorbachev, open this gate! Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall!

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1General Secretary Gorbachev: leader of the Soviet Union from 1985 to 1991. Gorbachev led a movement to reform and liberalize Soviet government and society.

Multiple Choice Question
Read the following sentences from the speech.
Yet it is here in Berlin where the wall emerges most clearly; here, cutting across your city, where the news photo and the television screen have imprinted this brutal division of a continent upon the mind of the world. Standing before the Brandenburg Gate, every man is a German, separated
from his fellow men. Every man is a Berliner, forced to look upon a scar.…
In which sentence does the underlined word most clearly have the same connotations as the word brutal in this passage?
A.
Because of a shortage, the authorities have imposed strict limits on gasoline sales.
B.
The winter cold was so harsh that a number of people were treated for frostbite.
C.
The athlete undertook a strenuous training program to improve her skills.
D.
He thought it was insensitive of her not to invite the couple down the hall to her party.

Answer 1

In the context of the given passage, the word "brutal" connotes something harsh, severe, and oppressive. Therefore, the sentence that contains a word with similar connotations would be:

B. The winter cold was so harsh that a number of people were treated for frostbite.

In this sentence, "harsh" conveys a sense of severity and unkindness, paralleling the intensity implied by "brutal" in the speech.