The energy molecules in the hot object get released into the cold water when the hot object is placed into the water and then the molecules get released out the bottom not only that but the temperature of both the water and object turn into the same temperature.

Question

7) When and why does the process in 6 stop?
The reason why and when it stops is because both of the objects turned into the same temperature

8) Plan an investigation in the real world to collect data to test the model from 6 and 7. Adult supervision is needed if you are doing the investigation. If you are NOT doing an investigation at home watch this video.

What is the claim?

What evidence can be collected that will support the claim?

How will this evidence support the claim?

What will be held constant?

What is the procedure for the experiment?

Answer 1

Claim:

When a hot object is placed into cold water, thermal energy is transferred from the hot object to the cold water until both reach the same temperature, demonstrating the principle of thermal equilibrium.

Evidence that can be collected:

1. Temperature Measurements: Use a thermometer to measure the initial temperature of the hot object and the initial temperature of the cold water. Take measurements of the temperature of both the water and the object at regular intervals until they reach thermal equilibrium.

2. Time of Equilibrium: Record the time it takes for the temperatures of the water and the hot object to equalize.

3. Heat Capacity Calculation: If desired, calculate the heat exchanged based on temperature change and mass for both the hot object and the water.

How will this evidence support the claim?

• The temperature measurements will provide quantitative data showing how thermal energy is transferred from the hot object to the water and how both reach a common temperature, thus illustrating the concept of thermal equilibrium.
• The time to reach equilibrium will demonstrate the rate of heat transfer, supporting the thermal energy exchange concept.
• If heat capacity is calculated, it can further validate the principles of thermodynamics in real-world applications.

Variables to be held constant:

• The volume of water used in the experiment should remain the same for each trial.
• The mass of the hot object used should be consistent across trials.
• The initial distance between the hot object and water should be the same.
• The environment in which the experiment is conducted should be kept constant (e.g., room temperature, airflow, etc.).

Procedure for the experiment:

1. Materials Needed:

   • A hot object (like a metal block)
   • Cold water (measured volume)
   • Thermometer
   • Stopwatch
   • Beaker or container for water

2. Setup:

   • Measure a specific volume of cold water (e.g., 200 ml) in a beaker.
   • Measure the initial temperature of the cold water and record it.
   • Heat the solid object (e.g., a metal block) to a specific temperature (e.g., boiling water around 100°C) and record this temperature.

3. Experiment:

   • Carefully place the hot object into the beaker of cold water.
   • Start the stopwatch as soon as the hot object is submerged.
   • Use the thermometer to measure the temperature of the water and the object at regular intervals (e.g., every 30 seconds).
   • Continue taking temperature readings until the temperatures of both the water and the hot object are equal.

4. Data Recording:

   • Record all temperature readings along with the times taken until thermal equilibrium is reached.

5. Analyze Results:

   • Create a graph plotting temperature against time for both the water and the hot object to visualize the temperature change over time.
   • Analyze how the temperatures converge and the time taken to reach thermal equilibrium.

6. Conclusion:

   • Draw conclusions based on the data collected. Discuss the relationship between the heat transfer and the concept of thermal equilibrium.

Safety Note: Make sure to have adult supervision when handling hot materials and ensure proper safety equipment is used.