The climate of a region can indeed be significantly influenced by its proximity to large bodies of water. Water has a high specific heat capacity, meaning it can absorb and store heat energy without experiencing large temperature changes. As a result, areas near oceans, seas, or large lakes typically experience milder temperature fluctuations.
In your scenario:
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A region near a large body of water is likely to have a more moderate climate, resulting in cooler winters and warmer summers compared to regions that experience extremes. This is because the water helps to regulate temperatures, preventing them from becoming too cold in winter and too hot in summer.
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Conversely, a region far from water tends to experience greater temperature extremes. In winter, it can get much colder, and in summer, it can become significantly hotter, as there are no large bodies of water to moderate these temperature changes.
This phenomenon is often referred to as maritime or continental climate influence, where coastal areas typically have a maritime climate characterized by mild temperatures, while inland areas exhibit a continental climate with more severe seasonal variations.