- International Criminal Court (ICC): The ICC is an international tribunal established in 2002 to prosecute individuals for the most serious crimes of international concern, including genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity, and crimes of aggression. Its headquarters are in The Hague, Netherlands, and it operates on the principle of complementarity, meaning it only steps in when national courts are unable or unwilling to prosecute the perpetrators.
- Space Race: The Space Race was a competition between the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War to determine who could achieve significant milestones in space exploration, such as orbiting satellites, sending humans to space, and landing on the moon. The Space Race was a key element of the broader Cold War rivalry and led to significant advancements in technology and space exploration.
- Counterculture movement: The counterculture movement was a social and cultural phenomenon that emerged in the 1960s in response to the dominant norms and values of mainstream society. It was characterized by a rejection of traditional social norms, experimentation with alternative lifestyles, and a focus on personal freedom, peace, and equality. The counterculture movement encompassed various subcultures, including the hippie movement, the civil rights movement, and the anti-war movement.
- Apartheid: Apartheid was a system of institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination that existed in South Africa from 1948 to the early 1990s. Under apartheid, the white minority government systematically oppressed and marginalized the black majority population, restricting their rights and freedoms in all aspects of life, including education, employment, and political participation. Apartheid was widely condemned by the international community and eventually dismantled through negotiations and the release of political prisoners, including Nelson Mandela.
- Existentialism: Existentialism is a philosophical and literary movement that emphasizes the individual's freedom, responsibility, and the need to create meaning in a world that may seem indifferent or absurd. Existentialist thinkers, such as Jean-Paul Sartre and Simone de Beauvoir, explored themes of existence, authenticity, and choice, and rejected traditional notions of objective truth and morality.
- Genocide: Genocide is the deliberate and systematic extermination of a particular group based on their race, ethnicity, religion, or nationality. The term was first coined after the Holocaust, during which six million Jews were systematically murdered by the Nazi regime. Genocide is considered one of the most heinous crimes under international law, and the United Nations has taken steps to prevent and punish genocide through the Genocide Convention of 1948.
- Autocratic: Autocratic is a form of government in which power is concentrated in the hands of a single ruler or a small group of individuals who exercise absolute authority and control over all aspects of society. Autocratic governments are characterized by limited political freedoms, lack of accountability, and suppression of dissent.
- Proxy war: A proxy war is a conflict in which external powers support and finance opposing sides in a conflict without directly engaging in combat themselves. Proxy wars are often fought by local or regional actors, with support and resources provided by larger, more powerful states seeking to advance their own interests or influence the outcome of the conflict. Proxy wars can have devastating consequences for the countries and populations involved, as external powers manipulate and exploit local conflicts for their own strategic goals.
Terms & People to Know-be sure to be detailed in your notes
International Criminal Court Lesson 2 p.20
Space Race Lesson 3 p.11
Counterculture movement Lesson 4 p.18
Apartheid Lesson 7 p.32
Existentialism
Genocide
Autocratic
Proxy war
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1 answer