Termites share an endosymbiotic relationship with the protozoan that live in their gut. Which statements are true of this relationship? Check all that apply.

Question

The termite benefits from the relationship by receiving food from the protozoan.

The protozoan benefits from the relationship by receiving shelter and food from the termite.

Protozoan only exist inside termites.

Answer 1

The true statements regarding the endosymbiotic relationship between termites and the protozoans that live in their gut are:

1. The termite benefits from the relationship by receiving food from the protozoan. - This is true because the protozoans help digest cellulose from the wood that termites eat, thus providing nutrients to the termites.

2. The protozoan benefits from the relationship by receiving shelter and food from the termite. - This is also true, as the protozoans live in a secure environment within the termite’s gut and have access to the food the termite consumes.

The statement "Protozoan only exist inside termites" is not true. While many protozoan species that specialize in digesting cellulose are found in the guts of termites, protozoans exist in many other environments and organisms as well.

So the correct selections are the first two statements.

Answer 2

Complete the statement below using the drop-down menus.
It is believed mitochondria evolved from
,
while chloroplasts evolved from
.

Answer 3

It is believed mitochondria evolved from aerobic bacteria, while chloroplasts evolved from photosynthetic bacteria.

Answer 4

How is mitochondrial DNA used in science? Choose the correct answer.

mtDNA is used to convict criminals by connecting the DNA found at a crime scene to relatives on the father’s side.

mtDNA is used to connect DNA samples to the mother in missing-person cases.

mtDNA is used to match nuclear and mitochondrial DNA to victims of a crime

Answer 5

The correct answer is:

mtDNA is used to connect DNA samples to the mother in missing-person cases.

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is maternally inherited and can be used to trace maternal lineage, making it particularly useful in cases involving missing persons or identifying relatives through maternal ancestry.

Answer 6

Is it possible today for a plant leaf cell to live without mitochondria and chloroplasts? Choose the best answer below.

Yes, cells can live without mitochondria and chloroplasts. They can be replaced with other organelles.

No, cells cannot live without mitochondria and chloroplasts; they provide the DNA the cell needs to survive.

No, cells cannot live without mitochondria and chloroplasts; they provide the energy cells need to survive.

Answer 7

The best answer is:

No, cells cannot live without mitochondria and chloroplasts; they provide the energy cells need to survive.

Mitochondria are essential for energy production through cellular respiration, while chloroplasts are crucial for photosynthesis in plant cells, both of which are vital processes for the survival of the cell. However, in some specific contexts, such as certain specialized cells or conditions, a cell may function temporarily without these organelles, but it would not be sustainable in the long term for typical plant cells.

Answer 8

Check the statements below that provide evidence for the endosymbiotic theory.

The DNA in the nucleus and mitochondria are the same.

Mitochondria and chloroplasts grow independently from the cell.

Prokaryotic cells, mitochondria, and chloroplasts are all the same size.

Mitochondria and chloroplasts contain their own ribosomes.

Answer 9

The statements that provide evidence for the endosymbiotic theory are:

1. Mitochondria and chloroplasts grow independently from the cell. - This supports the idea that these organelles can replicate independently, similar to bacteria.

2. Mitochondria and chloroplasts contain their own ribosomes. - This indicates that these organelles can produce some of their own proteins, reminiscent of the protein synthesis in prokaryotic cells.

The other statements are not accurate representations of evidence for the endosymbiotic theory:

• The DNA in the nucleus and mitochondria are the same. - This is incorrect; while mitochondria do have their own DNA, it is distinct from nuclear DNA.

• Prokaryotic cells, mitochondria, and chloroplasts are all the same size. - This statement is not universally true as size can vary; however, mitochondria and chloroplasts are typically similar in size to some prokaryotic cells, which is often cited as support for the theory.

Thus, the first two statements are the correct pieces of evidence for the endosymbiotic theory.

Answer 10

Mitochondria and chloroplasts grow independently from the cell.
Prokaryotic cells, mitochondria, and chloroplasts are all the same size.
Mitochondria and chloroplasts contain their own ribosomes. correct

Answer 11

The correct statements that provide evidence for the endosymbiotic theory are:

1. Mitochondria and chloroplasts grow independently from the cell. - This supports the idea that these organelles can replicate independently, similar to bacteria.

2. Mitochondria and chloroplasts contain their own ribosomes. - This indicates that these organelles can produce some of their own proteins, which is a characteristic of prokaryotic cells.

While it is true that mitochondria and chloroplasts are similar in size to some prokaryotic cells, the statement "Prokaryotic cells, mitochondria, and chloroplasts are all the same size" is not accurate as a generalization, since sizes can vary.

So, the first and third statements are correct regarding evidence for the endosymbiotic theory.