Suppose two competitors, Coa, Inc., and Han, Inc., are locked in a bitter pricing struggle in the aluminum industry. In the limit pricing payoff matrix, Coa can choose a given row of outcomes by offering a limit price ("up") or monopoly price ("down"). Han can choose a given column of outcomes by choosing to offer a limit price ("left") or monopoly price ("right"). Neither firm can choose which cell of the payoff matrix to obtain; the payoff for each firm depends upon the pricing strategies of both firms