To support the sub-hypothesis that wing waving alone reduces predation by jumping spiders, we would expect to see results that demonstrate that the act of wing waving (or the presence of wings associated with that behavior) leads to a decrease in predation.
Among the provided options:
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A. Zonosemata flies with housefly wings are attacked less frequently.
- This result does not specifically indicate that wing waving reduces predation; rather, it suggests that the type of wings affects predation, not the behavior associated with the wings.
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B. Zonosemata flies with their own wings cut and reglued are attacked less frequently.
- This implies that the configuration of wings, even when they are manipulated, still supports reduced predation. However, it doesn't definitively support wing waving alone as the key factor.
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C. Houseflies with Zonosemata wings are attacked less frequently.
- This option indicates that the specific wing type (Zonosemata wings) might reduce predation, but it doesn't directly support that the act of wing waving is responsible for a reduction in predation.
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D. Untreated Zonosemata flies are attacked less frequently.
- This option supports the idea that the natural behavior of Zonosemata flies, which includes wing waving, leads to a reduction in predation. It suggests that these flies, in their natural state with their wings intact and exhibiting their behavior, experience less predation.
Therefore, the most supportive result of the sub-hypothesis that wing waving alone reduces predation is:
D. Untreated Zonosemata flies are attacked less frequently.
2 answers