Summarize the reasoning by Raymond Ibrahim that Europe was saved from Islam. A. The cannon stopped the Muslim forces from coming into Europe. B. Four other important seats of Christianity were under Islamic control. C. Defeats of Muslims in 700s barred Islam from getting into Europe. D. The seat of Orthodox Christianity moved to Russia.

Answer 1

Raymond Ibrahim argues that Europe was saved from the expansion of Islam due to several key factors:

A. The development and use of cannons in warfare played a crucial role in halting Muslim forces from advancing into Europe, providing a significant military advantage.

B. At the same time, four important centers of Christianity were already under Islamic control, which shifted the focus and resources of the Muslim conquests away from Europe.

C. The defeats of Muslim armies in the 700s were pivotal in preventing Islam from spreading further into Europe, establishing a boundary that would protect Christian territories.

D. Additionally, the relocation of the seat of Orthodox Christianity to Russia marked a significant shift in the religious and cultural landscape, further distancing Europe from Islamic influence.

Overall, these factors combined contributed to Europe's ability to resist and ultimately prevent the spread of Islam within its borders.