Summarize the reasoning by Raymond Ibrahim that Europe was saved from Islam. (1 point)

Question

• Four other important seats of Christianity were under Islamic control.
• Defeats of Muslims in 700s barred Islam from getting into Europe.
• The seat of Orthodox Christianity moved to Russia.
• The cannon stopped the Muslim forces from coming into Europe.

Answer 1

Raymond Ibrahim argues that Europe was saved from Islam due to several reasons. Firstly, he points out that four significant Christian centers were already under Islamic control, which prevented further Islamic penetration into Europe. Additionally, defeats suffered by Muslims in the 700s acted as a barrier to Islam's expansion into Europe. Furthermore, the seat of Orthodox Christianity was moved to Russia, which also contributed to Europe being spared from Islamic influence. Finally, the development of the cannon technology proved instrumental in stopping Muslim forces from invading Europe.