Summarize cellular respiration. Why is it an exothermic reaction?(1 point)

Question

Responses

because it produces water
because it produces water

because it produces carbon dioxide
because it produces carbon dioxide

because it produces glucose
because it produces glucose

because it produces energy

Answer 1

Cellular respiration is the biochemical process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy, carbon dioxide, and water. It is considered an exothermic reaction because it releases energy in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate), which is used by cells to perform various functions.

The correct response is: because it produces energy.

Answer 2

You are writing a research paper on the effect of caffeine on sleep. You would like to use reliable sources when preparing your research. You decide to use a well-known, peer-reviewed scientific journal called Nature.

Identify the answer choice below that best explains why this scientific journal would be considered a reliable source.

(1 point)
Responses

The journal has been widely cited in student blogs that focus on explaining scientific topics to other students.
The journal has been widely cited in student blogs that focus on explaining scientific topics to other students.

It is a scientific journal, and all scientific journals are considered to be reliable sources when the research concerns science.
It is a scientific journal, and all scientific journals are considered to be reliable sources when the research concerns science.

The journal was included on the approved list of sources from the teacher that could be used on the assignment.
The journal was included on the approved list of sources from the teacher that could be used on the assignment.

The information in this journal is consistently valid because the peer review helps to ensure the results are accurate.

Answer 3

The best answer choice that explains why the journal "Nature" would be considered a reliable source is: The information in this journal is consistently valid because the peer review helps to ensure the results are accurate.

Peer-reviewed journals undergo a rigorous evaluation by experts in the field, which helps to validate the quality and credibility of the research published within them.

Answer 4

A scientist is studying a new protist species that is a type of single-celled eukaryote. Using both microscope and biochemical techniques, they have determined the following movements across the cells membrane:

Biomolecule Movement #1:

Lactose moves through a channel protein in the membrane of the cell from a high concentration on the outside to a low concentration of lactose on the inside.

Biomolecule Movement #2:

Potassium is pumped out of the cell using a membrane protein from a low concentration of potassium on the inside of the cell to a high concentration of potassium on the outside of the cell.

Biomolecule Movement #3:

Oxygen gas moves from a high concentration on the outside of the cell to a low concentration inside the cell. The gas does not appear to need any membrane protein to cross the cell membrane.

Biomolecule Movement #4:

Water moves from a hypotonic environment on the outside of the cell to a hypertonic environment on the inside of the cell through protein channels called aquaporins.



Based on these conclusions, identify the movement of biomolecules that demonstrates both osmosis and facilitated diffusion across a cell membrane.

(1 point)
Responses

Biomolecule Movement #3
Biomolecule Movement #3

Biomolecule Movement #2
Biomolecule Movement #2

Biomolecule Movement #4
Biomolecule Movement #4

Biomolecule Movement #1

Answer 5

The movement of biomolecules that demonstrates both osmosis and facilitated diffusion across a cell membrane is: Biomolecule Movement #4.

• Osmosis is the movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane from a hypotonic (lower solute concentration) to a hypertonic (higher solute concentration) environment.
• Facilitated diffusion refers to the process by which specific molecules, such as water in this case, pass through a membrane via protein channels (aquaporins).

Therefore, Movement #4 encompasses both processes.

Answer 6

Why are proteins one of the most important materials that a cell manufactures?(1 point)
Responses

because they carry out major functions in cells
because they carry out major functions in cells

because they code for RNA
because they code for RNA

because they code for DNA
because they code for DNA

because they serve as a template for amino acid synthesis

Answer 7

The correct response is: because they carry out major functions in cells.

Proteins are essential for a wide range of cellular functions, including enzyme activity, structural support, transport of molecules, cell signaling, and immune responses, making them crucial for the proper functioning of the cell.

Answer 8

Animal and plant cells are both eukaryotic cells, but they have evolved to solve different environmental challenges. Identify the option that correctly lists the organelles that are only seen in plant cells.(1 point)
Responses

cell membrane, mitochondria, chloroplasts
cell membrane, mitochondria, chloroplasts - incorrect

chloroplasts, cell wall, and central vacuole
chloroplasts, cell wall, and central vacuole - no response given

nucleus, rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus
nucleus, rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus - no response given

chloroplasts and central vacuole only

Answer 9

The correct option that lists the organelles that are only seen in plant cells is: chloroplasts, cell wall, and central vacuole.

These organelles are involved in functions unique to plant cells, such as photosynthesis (chloroplasts), providing structural support (cell wall), and storage and maintaining turgor pressure (central vacuole).

Answer 10

Which viral trait is controversial?(1 point)
Responses

they respond to stimuli
they respond to stimuli

they possess a genetic code
they possess a genetic code

they reproduce
they reproduce

they evolve

Answer 11

The controversial viral trait is: they reproduce.

This is because viruses do not reproduce independently; they require a host cell’s machinery to replicate and produce new viral particles. This leads to debate about whether they should be considered living organisms, as traditional definitions of reproduction involve the ability to self-replicate without a host.