In the experiment you described, the independent variable is the "ice cubes added." This is the variable that the student is changing or manipulating to observe how it affects the temperature change in the water. The amount of time and final temperature would be dependent variables; the final temperature would change based on the amount of ice cubes added, and the amount of time could be controlled or recorded but is not the primary variable being tested.
Student adds different amounts of ice to samples of water and records temperature change. What is independent variable?
amount of time
ice cubes added
final temperature
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