Stonehenge Art History
When was Stonehenge created?
Stonehenge is believed to have been constructed in several phases, with the earliest construction dating back to around 3000 BCE, during the Neolithic period. The main phase of stone construction is thought to have occurred between 2500 and 2000 BCE.
Where is Stonehenge located?
Stonehenge is located in Wiltshire, England, about 8 miles (13 kilometers) north of Salisbury and 2 miles (3 kilometers) west of the town of Amesbury.
How big is Stonehenge?
The entire Stonehenge structure is about 97 meters (318 feet) in diameter. The stones themselves vary in size, with the sarsen stones standing around 4 meters (13 feet) high and weighing approximately 25 tons each. The smaller bluestones measure around 2 meters (6.6 feet) high.
What type of stones were used to make it?
Stonehenge is composed primarily of two types of stones:
- Sarsen stones: These are large, locally-sourced sandstones that form the outer circle and the central trilithons (two upright stones and a horizontal lintel).
- Bluestones: These are smaller stones believed to be sourced from the Preseli Hills in Wales, approximately 150 miles (240 kilometers) away. The bluestones form the inner circle and some of the outer features.
Describe the shapes you see
Stonehenge features a combination of geometric shapes and arrangements:
- Circular arrangement: The outer edge forms a nearly perfect circle, symbolizing unity and wholeness.
- Vertical monoliths: The sarsen stones are tall and upright, giving a sense of grandeur and stability.
- Trilithons: These formations consist of two vertical stones supporting a horizontal stone, creating a characteristic "doorway" appearance.
- Lintels: The stones spanning the tops of the vertical stones create horizontal lines, enhancing the architectural complexity.
- Cromlech: The overall layout can be described as a stone circle, which connects to various astronomical and cultural interpretations.
Together, these shapes contribute to the mystique and historical significance of Stonehenge, reflecting the architectural prowess of the prehistoric people who built it.