Based on the provided terms related to the Progressive Era and their connections, here are the logical placements for each missing term within the hexagonal thinking diagram:
Step 1: Complete the Hexagonal Thinking: Progressive Era Diagram
- Spanish American War, American Imperialism, Panama Canal
- Spanish American War, War in the Philippines, American Imperialism
- Jim Crow Laws, Plessy V. Ferguson, NAACP
- Government Regulation of Business, Muckrakers, Consumer Protections
- American Democracy, Spanish American War, War in the Philippines
- Consumer Protections, Conservation Movement, Government Regulation of Business, American Democracy
- Poor Working Conditions, Roosevelt Corollary, Initiative, Referendum, and Recall
Step 2: Connection #1
Terms: Spanish American War, American Imperialism, Panama Canal
The Spanish American War marked a significant turning point for the United States, leading to a rise in American imperialism. The war, fueled by the desire to expand U.S. influence in the Caribbean and Pacific, resulted in the acquisition of territories such as Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines. This expansionist agenda was further solidified by the construction of the Panama Canal, which facilitated quicker maritime travel between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. The canal was crucial not just for military logistics but also for economic trade, showcasing the United States’ growing global power. Thus, these three concepts are interlinked through the themes of territorial expansion and strategic interests that characterized the Progressive Era.
Step 3: Connection #2
Terms: Jim Crow Laws, Plessy V. Ferguson
The Jim Crow Laws represented the institutionalization of racial segregation and discrimination in the Southern United States post-Reconstruction. The landmark Supreme Court case of Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) upheld these laws by ruling that "separate but equal" facilities for blacks and whites did not violate the Constitution. This ruling provided a legal justification for the continuing racial discrimination and reinforced the segregative policies of the Jim Crow era. Together, these concepts not only illustrate the systemic racism of the time but also show how legal frameworks were used to legitimize and perpetuate inequality.
Step 4: Connection #3
Terms: Government Regulation of Business, Muckrakers, Consumer Protections
The early 20th century saw significant public concern over the excessive power of corporations and poor conditions for consumers and workers, leading to demands for government intervention. Muckrakers, investigative journalists, played a crucial role by exposing the malpractices and corrupt activities of big businesses, bringing these issues to the forefront of public consciousness. This outcry led to the establishment of consumer protections, aimed at safeguarding individuals from exploitation and unsafe products. Consequently, the interplay between muckraking journalism and government action highlights the critical role of public awareness and advocacy in driving progressive reforms aimed at regulating business practices.
Step 5: Connection #4
Terms: Poor Working Conditions, Roosevelt Corollary, Initiative, Referendum, and Recall
The issue of poor working conditions during the Progressive Era was a catalyst for various reforms aimed at improving labor rights and workplace safety. In response to these conditions, President Theodore Roosevelt enacted the Roosevelt Corollary, which emphasized the United States' role as a global intervenor — a stance that also extended to domestic issues, advocating for social justice and welfare. Moreover, the mechanisms of initiative, referendum, and recall emerged as powerful tools for citizens to directly participate in governance and hold elected officials accountable, reflecting a growing demand for democratic reforms. Thus, the connections among these terms illustrate a progression from addressing immediate concerns of workers to broader implications for American democracy and governance.