1) Large surface area: Alveoli have a large surface area due to their small size and numerous branches. This maximizes the area available for gas exchange, allowing efficient transfer of oxygen into the bloodstream and carbon dioxide out of the bloodstream.
2) Thin walls: The walls of the alveoli are extremely thin, consisting of a single layer of epithelial cells. This thinness reduces the distance that gases need to diffuse, facilitating rapid exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveoli and capillaries.
3) Rich blood supply: Alveoli are surrounded by a dense network of capillaries. This provides a rich blood supply and brings deoxygenated blood close to the alveoli for oxygenation. The close proximity of the blood vessels enhances the efficiency of gas exchange by allowing for quick and effective diffusion of gases between the alveoli and bloodstream.
State three factors that make alveolus adapted to its function
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